Case Predicting Performance Free Essays

The weight of the SAT test is extraordinary, and numerous understudies experience the ill effects of test nervousness. The outcomes, hence, may not genuinely reflect what an understudy knows. There is proof that training improves scores by somewhere in the range of 40 and 1 50 focuses. We will compose a custom exposition test on Case Predicting Performance or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Grades, accordingly, may unfavorably influence the odds of acknowledgment for understudies who can't bear the cost of the $600 or $700 to step through examination instructing courses. Are Stats legitimate, or do they victimize minorities, poor people, and the individuals who have had restricted access to social development encounters? Options: 1-Keep understudy choice measures and its loads all things considered for the time being â€Å"including SAT at 0%† 2-Increase SAT weight 3-Decrease SAT weight to 20% and add to the models astute test with weight of Alternatives Evaluation: 1 . Keep understudy choice models and its loads for what it's worth for the time being â€Å"including SAT at 40%† Positives; l. It will give Alex more opportunity to do additionally study and benchmark with comparable schools. Ii. Alex will acquire functional experience to have the option to judge reasonably on SAT score iii. Individuals who structure the SAT† lb. Details tap insight and managers need savvy work candidates Negative; I. Alex worries about SAT score will stay 2. Increment SAT weight Positives; I. SAT score are legitimate indicators of how well an individual will do in school. â€Å"According to individuals who plan the SAT† IL. Details tap insight and businesses need clever I. Alex worries about SAT score will build 3. Diminishing SAT weight to 20% and add to the measures shrewd test with weight of I. SAT will remain some portion of the choice models it. Smart test is utilized by multimillion organizations to pick their future workers so by utilizing it in the understudy choice standards it will improve the school graduates in securing their Positions. Negative; I. Imagine a scenario where an understudy â€Å"poor† exceeds expectations in wise test however didn’t do so well in SAT score. It will stay a quandary to acknowledge him in Ale’s exceptionally particular school. Suggestion:- First option is for me is the best†¦ Although it’s scores not exactly second option in the assessment yet it will permit Alex to have sufficient opportunity to acquire down to earth understanding and benchmark with other comparable association to improve her dynamic procedure. Additionally in the second option Alex worries about SAT score won't be disposed of or understood! Arranged by: Amman Taft The most effective method to refer to Case Predicting Performance, Papers

Public Examination Should Not Be Abolished free essay sample

While a few states are actualizing some type of measures based change, there is almost no observational proof to demonstrate that norms, appraisal, and high-stakes responsibility programs are viable in improving government funded schools. In numerous states, for example, California, endeavors to actualize guidelines based change are conflictingly or recklessly lined up with quality research. Coming up next are a portion of the deficiencies of norms based change. 1. Ongoing reports on the measures based change development in New York propose that in numerous schools the indiscreet usage of gauges and evaluation may have negative ramifications for understudies. Obscure and hazy guidelines in a few branches of knowledge in a few states confuse matters and don't fill in as solid gauges characterizing what understudies should know and have the option to do. 3. Top-down measures forced by the administrative or state government are additionally risky. They force content determinations without considering the various needs, chances to learn, and aptitudes that might be suitable for explicit locale or areas. We will compose a custom paper test on Open Examination Should Not Be Abolished or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Table 1: Advantages of SBA contrasted and outside assessments Point Characteristics of SBA Qualities of Exams Scope Extends the range and assorted variety of evaluation assortment openings, task types and assessors Much smaller scope of appraisal openings: less differing appraisal; one test for each year Authenticity Assessment done by understudies own educator; less chance of cheating as instructor knows understudy abilities; appraisals bound to be practical Removes evaluation from educating and learning; distressing conditions may prompt understudies not exhibiting genuine limits Validity Improves legitimacy through surveying factors that can't be remembered for open test settings Limits legitimacy by constraining extent of evaluation, e. g. hard to evaluate connection aptitudes in test condition Reliability Improves dependability by having more than one appraisal by an educator who knows about the understudy; takes into account numerous open doors for assessor reflection/normalization Even with twofold stamping, analysts decisions can be influenced by different variables (task trouble, point, intrigue level, tiredness, and so on); little open door for assessor reflection/audit Fairness Decency is accomplished by following generally concurred procedures, results and principles; instructor suspicions about understudies and their oral language levels is caused unequivocal through community oriented sharing and conversation with different educators Fairness to must be accomplished by treating everybody the equivalent, I. e. setting a similar assignment simultaneously for all understudies. Input Understudies can get helpful input following the appraisal has completed, subsequently improving learning The main criticism is typically an evaluation toward the finish of the course; no open doors for communication with assessor; no way to request that how improve Positive washback (gainful impact on instructing and picking up) Ongoing evaluation urges understudies to work reliably; gives significant information to assessment of educating and appraisal rehearses by and large Examination is absolutely summative, and doesn't fill any instructing related need; consequences for educating and learning may even be negative; may urge educating to the test and an emphasis on test procedure, instead of results. Educator and understudy strengthening Teachers and understudies become some portion of the appraisal procedure; joint effort and sharing of mastery happen inside and across schools Teachers assume next to zero job in evaluation of their understudies and have no chance to share their ability or information on their understudies; understudies treated as numbers Professional advancement Builds instructor evaluation aptitudes, which can be moved to different territories of the educational plan Teachers have no chance to manufacture their appraisal abilities; get almost no input on the most proficient method to improve as educators

Analysis Of Battle Royal Story The Plot Styles, Themes And Setting - 275 Words

Analysis Of The Battle Royal Story: The Plot Styles, Themes And Setting (Essay Sample) Content: NameProfessorCourseDateBattle Royal by Ralph EllisonThe plot of the story starts with the narrators grandfather giving him a piece of advice. He was told to always pretend to be servile, and meek whenever he was with the white men, so that one day he would undermine the social class. He is then invited to party where he happens to be blindfolded, and thrown in a boxing ring with American boys. In the ring hes is beaten up badly. Later after the battle, he collected some coins in form of reward that turned out to be brass (Armengol 29-46). After the fight, he managed to give a speech about the importance of education to the black boys and how they should defer from the white boys. The speech enabled the narrator to get a college scholarship.The principle characters in the story were both the narrator and his grandfather who were trying to defer with the white men. The setting of the story was in the second half of the 20th century when the Americans were still fighting racism, equality, and oppression from the white. The setting of a hotel is also incorporated when the narrator and the other boys are invited to a hotel after fighting in the ring.The point of view of the narrator was triggered by the suffering and tribulations faced by the young black boys in the hand of the whites. The invisible narrator faced many hardships during his youth which made him emerge strong.The style used in the story is that of surrealism, realism, improvisational changing style. Themes such racism. Social class, equality, and western culture are well articulated by the story. Having chosen the Marxism philosophy which focusses on the social, economic and political aspects of a society, I find the story having some aspects that are socialist in nature (Habib 48). Economically the whites were better than the blacks, a situation that made them despise the blacks. Most black could...

The Current Corporate Strategy Of The Business - 3322 Words

The current corporate strategy of the business had some positive changes to the organization and hence, restructured the entire organization accordingly. The corporate strategy is based on ONE Plan that had the following four priorities: †¢ Restructuring enough to operate the business profitability in context to changing model mix and customer demands. †¢ Offering customer the best developedcustomer demanded products in terms of efficiency, high quality, safety that could create value for the company. †¢ Improve Ford’s finances. †¢ Work together as one team that has one goal. Hence, in order to make this current strategy work, Ford made some functional changes, to the organization that helped Ford to create value. The†¦show more content†¦3. In order to make the infrastructure efficient, Ford implemented the strategy to promote one goal throughout the entire organization and hence, this helped to restore the company commitment to efficiency. Plus, the strategy helped co-operation among functions as they lacked transperancy as one function would not disclose all the data to the other function. 4. In order to make the information system efficient, Ford heavily invested on premium technology to better serve its customers and hence, created Ford Work Solutions that provided and served all affordable solutions making processes more efficient with high speed internet and wireless accessories. 5. In order to gain efficiency in supply chain management, Ford discussed its strategies with suppliers, letting them know what they require in detail, that helped create long term relationships and later, which was sealed with long- term contracts. Ford maintained a positive relationship with suppliers, giving them the idea that the suppliers works with them rather creating the idea that the suppliers work for them. 6. In order to gain efficiency in the

The CSI Effect Essay - 1905 Words

In 2006, over 100 million people in the United States tuned in to watch either CSI or any if the other forensic and criminal investigation related television show each week (CJSG). Since then, the number of viewers has increased rapidly, as well as the amount of television shows with the same type of theme. As a result of the increase of these television programs, researchers are discovering a new phenomenon called the ‘CSI Effect’ that seems to be fueling an interest in forensic science and criminal investigations nationwide. This effect is actually the ability of criminal justice themed television shows to influence and increase victims’, jurors’ and criminals’ ideas about forensics, DNA testing and methods, and criminal investigations†¦show more content†¦In the past, the jury learned from the forensic scientists’ testimony; but now, they’re learning from television and a lot of reality shows. Consequently, what they’ re learning is not necessarily what is actually done (Honeycutt). However, those jurors who watch criminal investigation television shows do believe that what they’re seeing on TV is what does go on in real life and they expect to see it in court. This is because, according to Shelton, â€Å"the more frequently jurors watched a given program, the more accurate they perceived it to be.† Unfortunately, these shows also create a false expectation that clear and definite evidence can be shown for any case, which is not true. Jurors expect every case to have thorough scientific evidence from the best and most modern technology and to look exactly as it does on a television show (Shelton). Radford said, â€Å"Science does not operate on certainties.† During an investigation, scientists don’t ever say that the DNA being tested is a â€Å"match† to the suspect because nothing can ever be a definite match. Instead, their vocabulary consists of phrases such asShow MoreRelatedCsi Effect Essay1231 Words   |  5 PagesCSI Effect Abstract Crime in America is increasing rapidly and many techniques have been created over the years in order to solve major crimes. Forensics science is one of the many techniques that have been created. Forensics is the use of science and technology to investigate and establish facts in criminal courts of law (free-dictionary, n.d). But there is an upcoming issue which involves the exaggerated details of forensics science. This paper explores the CSI Effect, compares and contrastsRead MoreThe Csi Effect On The Minds Of Jurors909 Words   |  4 Pages The CSI Effect is becoming to take it’s place in courtrooms and the prosecutors aren t liking it. Prosecutors are feeling there is no hope for getting a conviction when it’s come to the CSI Effect because they believe that it has control over the juror’s applying justice to criminal. The CSI Effect is being criticized for not allowing prosecutors a fair chance at a conviction in a jury trial for the belief that Jurors are influenced by what they see on T.V shows and how they believe that theRead MoreThe CSI Effect and its Implications in Forensic Science Essay1769 Words   |  8 Pagesknown as the CSI effect, or the process through which devoted fans of popular crime dramas develop unrealistic notions of forensic science methods, practices, and their applications in real life cases (Mancini 544; Stevens 37; Ley, Jankowski, and Brewer 52). The CSI effect has had more negative impacts on forensic science and society than positive impacts, especially in regards to what goes on in the minds of jurors who frequently watch television programs about crime. Studying the CSI effect also leadsRead MorePresentation At The 2010 Cooley Law School Symposium On The Csi Effect1113 Words   |  5 Pagespresentation at the 2010 Cooley Law School Symposium on the CSI Effect. It reviews the results of two empirical studies of Michigan jurors in various jurisdictions, which previously concluded that the prosecutor version of the so-called CSI effect cannot be substantiated empirically. The article then describes merged data from the two studies and the analysis of that merged data. The data supports the earlier suggestion of a tech effect based on cultural changes, rather than any direct impactRead MoreThe Csi Effect1178 Words   |  5 Pagesthat the things that take place on these shows are real. There is Law in Order SVU, 24, Bones and our favorite CSI that make people think that countless cases are open and close do to outrageous finding of DA traces. Th e CSI Effect is a theory that criminals are getting smarter. These shows give out numerous tactics on how many cases are cracked and suspects are arrested. The CSI Effect also results in various hang juries and miss trials due to lack of evidence. The jury is starting to need moreRead MoreCsi Effect1164 Words   |  5 Pagesorder to accurately depict how the CSI Effect strongly influences our society’s view on crime and courtroom proceedings, I will be comparing different CSI episodes to those methods and theories which apply. Throughout the paper, I will be explaining how CSI has shaped peoples’ minds in believing false claims and investigation beliefs. Watching and comparing episodes of CSI to the CSI Effect will be a prime reference in explaining how the media is placing a spin on CSI television shows. According toRead MoreForensic Science And The Scientific Examination Of Evidence1644 Words   |  7 Pagesunique details. In the article The Real CSI from Frontline talks about the technology and science behind examining bite marks is not reliable. Bite marks is similar to fingerprinting analysis, the assumption behind bite marks is that dental characteristics is unique, therefore the technology used to identify bite marks is scrutinized even though bite marks can change over time and be distorted due to factors like swelling and healing (Frontline, The Real CSI). In the NOVA episode â€Å"Forensics On Trial†Read MoreCsi Miami vs Csi Real Life1051 Words   |  5 Pagesassignment I chose Double Jeopardy from CSI Miami, season four episode eighteen. In this episode a husband is found innocent of his wifes murder just as her missing body is being pulled from the ocean by a fisherman. March 26 Mr. Rowe discovered his wife’s racial status and she disappeared on October 5th but the husband waited 3 days to report her death. During this time he practiced killing Terisa Matherdy. Losing four twe nty lb weight set in the process. The CSI team must try to find new evidenceRead MoreThe Csi Effect On Crime1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe CSI Effect Introduction Have you ever watched a crime scene drama on television and now believe you are a forensic science expert? This is what you call the â€Å"Crime Scene Investigation Effect (CSI)†. It came into light in the early 2000’s. In 2008, Monica Robbers, an American criminologist, defined the CSI Effect as, â€Å"the phenomenon in which jurors hold unrealistic expectations of forensic evidence and investigation techniques, and have an increased interest in the discipline of forensic science†Read MoreForensic Science in the 21st Century1765 Words   |  8 Pagesinto forensic science’s contributions to policing and criminal investigations, court processes, and security efforts. Also it explores the media’s representation of forensic science, influence on popular opinion for justice-related issues, and â€Å"CSI† effect on the judicial process. Forensic Science Contributions to Policing and Criminal Investigations The geneses of criminalistics or forensic science are mainly European. Forensic science is an amalgamation of various disciplines, such as

International Health Care Policies Example For Students

International Health Care Policies Of the countries that were made available, the three countries health care policies I found most interesting were United Kingdom, Japan and Taiwan. These three countries all had a very different take on how to provide healthcare to the public but they also all managed to do so with a low government GDP. The United Kingdom is a capitalist democracy with a health care system that tries to support it’s views of an economic, political and social economy. There system is referred to as the National Health Service (NHS), it is government funded and the main source of income is through taxation. The Brits call this process â€Å"socialized medicine,† where the government is in charge of providing and funding for their health care program. Once the high taxes are collected the government then goes and distributes them throughout the (NHS) to health care providers. Doctors have set salaries determined by the government, but before you can get to your doctor you have to see a General Practitioner (GP) or also known as the gatekeeper. These people run their own private practices and their pay is based upon how many patients they have and the health of their patients. This system may sound all tied together but some of the negatives that go along with the (NHS) are long waiting li sts, and a limited choice on your health care provider. Some of the changes that the UK has managed to change over the years is how â€Å"Hospitals now compete for NHS funds distributed by local Primary Care Trusts, and starting in April 2008 patients are able to choose where they want to be treated for many procedures.† This has allowed for the market based economy to open up more, leaving patients with a wider choice for health services. Japan’s health care system differs from the UK in several ways, there GDP averages about 8% which is even less than the UK. Everyone in Japan has to sign up for Health Care Insurance or as they call it (Social Insurance). A families average premium totals out to be about $280 a month, and if you can’t pay a premium then you have a net to fall on, there is public assistance available. Japan pays all but about 30% of the cost, leaving co-payments minimal, but they base the total amount off of your income at the end of the month. Japan isn’t completely government based they found that having most health insurance agencies, doctors and nearly all hospitals in private sectors allowed competition leaving the GDP at a low 8%. The Japanese are known for being some of the longest lived humans due to their cultures diet and lifestyle, but many argue it has much to do with the stability of their health care plan. It was created with the intent to provide health care to all individuals in their society, singling no one out because of inability to pay for the system. The Japanese have also made it easier to get service to their citizens, they eliminated the idea of gate keepers, allowing the Japanese to go to any specialist as often as they wish. The Ministry of Health determines the price of every procedure every two years. This is the main factor in keeping costs low, but keeping costs so low has been the soul cause of their hospital deficit. Their government is not spending enough on health care so hospitals are the ones suffering, not the citizens. Taiwans system is merely a combination of all the systems. They analyzed other countries and looked at their flaws and then tried to build a health care system around them. They have what is called a â€Å"National Health Insurance.† All of their citizens are required to obtain health insurance, but the difference between Taiwan and many other capitalist democracies is their system has made it where they only have one government- run insurer, which cuts competition and gets strait to the point. Families on average pay a premium of $650 per fiscal year. â€Å" Working people pay premiums split with their employers; others pay flat rates with government help; and some groups like the poor and veterans, are fully subsidized.† The Taiwanese system allows for citizens to see any doctor at anytime. Every citizen is allotted a card when receiving health insurance, it is called the ‘smart card.’ It contains medical history; how many visits the patient has had; and a bill history. It is a system that has much thought put into it, and a system that wouldnt exist without the technological advancements we have today. Taiwan is currently leading in having the lowest health care plan, their GDP is only 6.3%, but from that statistic you can easily tell that the government spends very little on the up keep of their medical system. Taiwan is so concerned about providing health care to all of their citizens that that tend to forget about the hospitals that are actually providing this care and the money they need to stay active. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND EXPANSION OF THE EUROPE EssayTaiwan’s health care system is unique in the way they analyzed other countries from around the world pointed out their flaws and tried to create a new health care plan in 1995, that avoided all of those problems, and they did a very good job, increasing health care availability to the 40% who did not have access to it prior to their reform. Taiwans system is one that I believe the U.S could learn a thing or two from. Here in the U.S we have private sectors for our Insurance agencies, each in competition with one another for business, always fluctuating cost and stats about being the most reliable agency to choose. In Taiwan they eliminated that whole controversy, they only allowed one government insurer, and everyone has access to it, because if you can’t pay the insurance premium then there is accommodations to fully subsidize your cost. In Taiwan they use a system called a ‘smart card,’ that has all the patients medical history, bill reports, visits to the doctor and so on. Every citizen is allotted a card and it is the only way they can receive service. In the U.S we don’t exactly have what they call a ‘smart card,’ but we do have our insurance cards, which play a similar role. Our Insurance cards contain our personal information that any health care provider can look up with the correct data base. I believe the Taiwanese saw our system of long paperwork a flaw in their new health care system and created what I would like to call the Ultimate insurance card, or what they call the Smart Card. The Taiwanese do have a great system they created and one that is seeming to work quite well for them, but when adjusting their health care system they did not seek to increase government spending. They simply just don’t have enough money in their government to pay for all of their services. This flaw in health care is one that may not have a solution, in government systems across the world, these countries are either spending too little or too much on health care, leaving a string loose in the system. For years now, the world has been trying to come up with the most ideal health care system, one that works for EVERYONE. But in some countries, the single flaw of having too low of a GDP to support their hospitals is one they just look past because finding a health care cost that works for everyone including the government is merely unrealistic in their eyes. But it’s the struggle that the U.S has not given up on yet. After analyzing these three health care systems in other capitalist democracies, it has helped broaden my views on the health care regime of the U.S. We currently have one of the most expensive health care plans in the world with Switzerland a far step behind us. But I believe the reason as to why we have not converted to plans similar to the U.K, Japan and Taiwan is because they all share one main flaw, each of their governments has a system that provides health care to all citizens at an extremely low cost leaving an extremely low GDP in comparison to the U.S, but each of these countries gives minimal support to their hospitals which when it comes down to it, they are our main resource in this whole process. Without Hospitals we have no services, I believe the U.S could learn a few things from each of these countries to help lower our cost to something more reasonable, but not completely convert our plan until we can tackle the flaw that no country has managed to do so yet. WORK CITED * FRONTLINE. â€Å"Five Capitalist Democracies.† www.pbs.org. 15 April. 2008. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/sickaroundtheworld/countries/ * â€Å"Sick around the World.† Frontline News. PBS. 15 April. 2008. Televison *Discussions from Class with Dr. Arwin

The Ambitions of Napoleon Essay Example For Students

The Ambitions of Napoleon Essay From 1799 to 1814, France was in the hands of a keen military dictator of unheard of ability. Napoleon was one of historys greatest leaders. He realized he was the only one to end civil dispute in France, in order to create unity. Napoleon saw himself as a man of destiny. The glory of war and the empire he wanted to create was irresistible. For years he went from victory to victory, but in the end of his reign he was destroyed by his own restless ambition to take over Europe. Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15th, 1769. He started school at the age of ten at the College dAutun. But that didnt last too long. Four months later he entered the Brienne Military School. Napoleon excelled in this school and he was later recommended to the Military School at Paris.Napoleon as a boy was hot tempered, combative, and aggressive. He was made out to be a military leader. At the Academy of Brienne, when the other students played soldier, he usually became the commander. We will write a custom essay on The Ambitions of Napoleon specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Tragically in 1784, his father died, leaving Napoleon at the age of fifteen without a role model and a guide. But Napoleon was a hard worker and he became self-motivated. After only of one year in the Military School of Paris he graduated instead of the normal two or three years. Napoleon was then assigned as a second lieutenant to an artillery regiment. A year later he returned home for the first time in eight years. His visit would last two years, leaving him from his regiment in France. While home in Corsica he wrote a reply to the Corsican aristocrats who had attacked the Revolution. He organized a local pro-Revolutionary militia. Then Napoleon got himself elected as second in command of a battalion of Corsican volunteers. The Revolution changed the status of Corsica, giving Corsicans all the rights of Frenchman. This change helped Napoleon think more like a Frenchman. In 1791, Napoleon was promoted to first lieutenant and sent to another regiment. But he took leave and returned home once more. At home Napoleons former hero, Paoli, became idolized by the Corsicans when he was exiled to England. But when he returned from England he got into politics and the public looked at him like any other politician. The French did not like him from the start because he was conservative. So when war broke out between France and England in 1793, Paoli, who had been warmly accepted in England during his exile, could not even be relied on to side with the country he was now a citizen of. In 1792 and 1793 a series of events heated relations between the French government and Paoli and Napoleon and Paoli. And when the French government ordered for Paolis arrest, the Corsicans against went against their French masters, and Paoli became leader and hero again. Corsican houses were attacked and Napoleon and his family had to go to hiding in France. Napoleon at the age of 24 became a Frenchman. He spoke, thought, lived, and wore a uniform just as a normal Frenchman. Napoleon was changing in many ways. His allegiance to France was growing stronger and he was more ambitious than ever. He was growing to realize people for who they really were and after watching the Revolutionary bloodshed in Paris in 1792 he made this comment: The people are not worth the trouble taken in winning their favor.In 1796 Napoleon was named the general of the French army in Italy. With this upgrade in rank he devised the Italian Campaign. This plan proved to be spectacular. Napoleon had twelve victo ries in only a span of one year. Before these battles he promised the soldiers everything and he fulfilled these promises: Soldiers! You are ill fed and almost naked. I shall lead you into the most fertile plains on earth. There you shall find great cities and rich provinces. There you shall find honor, glory, and riches.After defeating the Austrians, Napoleon turned to other things. He changed Venice into a French style republic. He was becoming very strong in politics and the Directory of France was starting to dislike Napoleon. He was casting a shadow over the Directory through his growing popularity and his no fear attitude towards them. .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f , .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .postImageUrl , .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f , .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f:hover , .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f:visited , .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f:active { border:0!important; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f:active , .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud175d0d1fa6de66a59a054abe6fac67f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Robinson Crusoe Essay IntroductionThe Egyptian Campaign, in which Napoleon captured the British ship Alexandria and won at the Battle of the Pyramids, was looked at as a failure. Napoleon was becoming more cut off from the Directory and he was being looked upon as a romantic figure. He decided to leave Egypt on a ship back to Paris. When he arrived in Paris, the country was in despair. It was in need of new leaders. Napoleon had arrived at the right moment. Soon Napoleon was the first Counsel and then later named Emperor of France. Napoleon revised everything once he had these powers. He established the Rhine River as the eastern border of France, he ended the dispute with the Roman Catholic Church, the court system was simplified, and all schools were under centralized control. Napoleon started to get himself into more trouble with his aggressive behavior. Russia, Austria, and the British became one against Napoleon, but Napoleon wanted to stretch his kingdom farther by going into Russia. His attempt at Russia ended in an embarrassing retreat. Napoleon was losing his army. They refused to fight on. Napoleons reign as emperor was diminishing very quickly. He was exiled to an island named Elba but he made an escape back to France. He won over the troops that were supposed to capture him. Napoleon gathered his army and struck first against his allies. But to his dismay he would lose at the Battle of Waterloo and Napoleon was forced to surrender. He was exiled to an island in the south Atlantic Ocean, where he remained until his death from stomach cancer on May 5th, 1821. Napoleons influence on France still lives on today. The countrys basic law is still the Code Napoleon, and the administrative and judicial systems are mostly Napoleons. The most obvious reminder of Napoleon is the centerpiece of Paris, the Arc de Triomphe. This was built to honor all of his victories. Napoleon was a driven man that was never satisfied. He was very ambitious and sadly his ambition is what brought him down. He once said, Power is my mistress. Maybe thats why he was a military genius. At St. Helena, he said, Waterloo will erase the memory of all my victories. He was wrong. He will always be remembered for his loyalty to France, to end its civil dispute, and revision of a government that still lives on today, not for his loss at Waterloo. Napoleon is one of the best generals the world has ever seen, whichs why he is Napoleon the Great.

Syrian President Bashar al-Assad - Profile

Syrian President Bashar al-Assad - Profile Why Bashar al-Assad Matters: Syrias Hafez al-Assad, in power since June 10, 2000, is one of the Middle Easts most ruthless, autocratic, minority rulers in one of the worlds most closed societies. Assad also maintains Syrias pivotal role on the Middle Easts strategic map: He is an ally of Irans Shiite theocracy, he supports and arms Hamas in the Gaza Strip, as well as Hezbollah in Lebanon, thus maintaining a level of enmity toward Israel that so far has precluded peace: Israel has occupied Syrias Golan Heights since the 1967 war. Presumed a reformer when he took Power, Bashar al-Assad has proved no less repressive than his father. Bashar al-Assads Early Life: Bashar al-Assad was born on Sept. 11, 1965, in Damascus, the Syrian capital, the second son of Hafez al-Assad (1930-2000), who had tyrannically ruled Syria since 1971, and Anisa Makhlouf Bashar. He had three brothers and a sister. He spent years training as an eye doctor, first at a military hospital in Damascus then in London, at St. Marys Hospital. He was not being groomed for the presidency: his oldest brother Basil was. In January 1994, Basil, who led Syrias presidential guard, died in a car crash in Damascus. Bashar was immediately and unexpectedly thrust into the limelightand the succession line. Bashar al-Assads Personality: Bashar al-Assad was not groomed to be a leader. Where his brother Basil was gregarious, outgoing, charismatic, arrogant, Dr. Assad, as he was referred to for a while, was retiring, shy, and appearing to have few of his fathers wiles or will to poweror ruthlessness. Friends admit, The Economist wrote in June 2000, that he cuts a rather meek and awkward figure, unlikely to inspire the same terror and admiration as his handsome, athletic, outgoing and ruthless brother. Basil was the gangster type, says one Syrian. Bashar is much more quiet and thoughtful. Early Years of Power: Bashar al-Assad had been running a private medical practice. But when his brother died, his father summoned him from London, sent him to a military academy north of Damascus, and started preparing him for the reins of power- which he took when Hafez al-Assad died on June 10, 2000. Bashar has gradually turned into a younger version of his father. I have a lot of respect for experience, Bashar al-Assad said just as he was taking power, and I am going to try always to acquire it. Hes lived up to that pledge. He suggested that hd relax Syrias repressive police state, even explore political reforms. He barely did. Toying With the United States and Israel: Almost from the beginning of Bashar al-Assad reign, theres been a yo-yo effect in his relations with the United States and Israelimplying engagement during one phase only to retreat into intransigence and extremism the next. Whether its a strategy or a lack of self-confidence might seem unclear until the approach is seen in the context of how Bashars father maintained power: not by innovating, not by daring, but by keeping the opposition off balance, by undermining expectations rather than living up to them. Theres been a see-saw effect on two fronts since 2000, without as yet producing lasting results. Bashar al-Assads See-Saw: Cooperation With the U.S.: Shortly after the 2001 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, Assad proved to be a relatively reliable ally in the fight against al-Qaeda, cooperating with U.S. intelligence and, in more sinister ways, lending his prisons to the Bush administrations rendition program. It was in Assads prisons that Canadian national Maher Arar was tortured, at the administrations behest, even after Mahar was found to be innocent of any ties to terrorism. Assads cooperation, like Muammar el-Qaddafis,was not out of appreciation for the west but out of fear that al-Qaeda would undermine his regime. Bashar al-Assads See-Saw: Talks With Israel: Assad has similarly see-sawed with Israel over peace talks and the resolution of the Golan Heights occupation. In late 2003, Assad, in an interview with The New York Times, appeared ready to negotiate: Some people say there are Syrian conditions, and my answer is no; we dont have Syrian conditions. What Syria says is this: negotiations should be resumed from the point at which they had stopped simply because we have achieved a great deal in these negotiations. If we dont say this, it means we want to go back to point zero in the peace process. But similar suggestions were made over subsequent years, to no end. Syrias Nuclear Reactor: In September 2007, Israel bombed a remote area of northeast Syria, along the Euphrates River, where, Israel and the United States alleged, North Korea was helping Syria build a plutonium-based nuclear plant that would have been capable of producing nuclear weapons. Syria denied the allegations. Writing in The New Yorker in February 2008, investigative reporter Seymour Hersh said the evidence was circumstantial but seemingly damning. But Hersh raised serious doubt about the certainty that it was a nuclear reactor, even though he conceded that Syria was cooperating with North Korea on something military. Bashar al-Assad and Reform: As with his stance toward Israel and the United States, Bashar al-Assads promises of reform have been many, but his retreats from those promises have been just as frequent. Theres been a few Syrian springs where dissenters and human rights advocates were given a longer leash. But those brief springs never lasted. Assads promises of local elections have not been followed through, though financial restrictions on the economy were lifted early in his reign and helped the Syrian economy grow faster. In 2007, Assad held a sham referendum extending his presidency seven years. Bashar al-Assad and Arab Revolutions: As of early 2011, Bashar al-Assad was firmly planted on Middle Eastern soil as one of the regions most ruthless tyrants. He brought Syrias 29-year occupation of Lebanon to an end in 2005, but only after the likely Syrian- and Hezbollah-backed assassination of Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri triggered the Cedar Revolution on Lebanons streets and drove the Syrian army out. Syria has since reasserted its power over Lebanon, re-infiltrating the countrys intelligence services and, ultimately, reasserting Syrian hegemony when Hezbollah brought the government down and brokered its re-institution, with Hezbollah at the helm. Assad is not merely a tyrant. Like Bahrains Al Khalifa ruling family, which is Sunni and ruling, illegitimately, over a majority of Shiites, Assad is an Alawite, a break-away Shiite sect. Barely 6 percent of Syrias population is Alawite. The majority is Sunni, with Kurds, Shiites and Christians forming minorities of their own. In an interview with the Wall Street Journal in January 2011, Assad said downplayed the risks of revolution in his country: I am not talking here on behalf of the Tunisians or the Egyptians. I am talking on behalf of the Syrians, he said. It is something we always adopt. We have more difficult circumstances than most of the Arab countries but in spite of that Syria is stable. Why? Because you have to be very closely linked to the beliefs of the people. This is the core issue. When there is divergence between your policy and the peoples beliefs and interests, you will have this vacuum that creates disturbance. Assads certainties were soon proven wrong as disturbances erupted in various parts of the countryand Assad assaulted them with his police and military, murdering many protesters, arresting hundreds, and silencing Internet communications that have helped organize protests across the Middle East. In short, Assad is a flirt, not a statesman, a tease, not a visionary. Its worked so far. Its not likely to work for ever.

A Lies Poison As Illustrated In Billy Collins The History Teacher

A Lie's Poison As Illustrated In Billy Collin's The History Teacher What if you found out that everything you learned in school was a lie? The entire time you sat learning math, in vein, all of the facts about the government only a softened truth, the wars that were fought to make America a great country all lies. Well in this poem â€Å"The History Teacher† by Billy Collins, he shows what the consequences would be in sugar coating a serious subjects, not just in school but in daily life. Even though you’d want to spare someone the hard truth it would be best to tell them the truth. In this story the main character is a teacher, this teacher doesn’t want to introduce his students to the hard truth of History therefore he finds different ways to making things friendlier for kids as to not desensitize them, or traumatize them yet still teaching them about history. The outcome of him softening the truth, his kids go out into the playground area and pick on the kids that actually knew the real story because, they thought that the other kids were wrong, which the teacher had to deal with because he couldn’t tell the kids other wise and ruin their â€Å"innocence†. I understand how the teacher wants to preserve the kids innocence but their education isn’t something to compromise. Collins poem brings to light the harm that not telling people the whole truth, and /or keeping others in the dark can pose. I can empathize with the teacher because, as a teacher it is your job to teach kids about life, the past, present, this is also basic skills so if you don’t teach them correctly then it’ll be hard for them to learn the truth later in life. After that I realized that even though he was sparing the children their child hood he was also creating a problem for other kids that knew that what he was teaching wasn’t true because his kids would â€Å"torment the weak and the smart, messing up their hair and breaking their glasses†(Collins). These kids are now posing a threat to the other kids at the school due to their oblivious ignorance. In the end of the poem the teacher walks home thinking of new ways to lie to the kids tomorrow. The fact that astonishes me the most is that he sees that the kids aren’t learning anything, and their ignorance is indirectly harming other kids yet he doesn’t make any effort to stop it or rethink his methods. The meaning of this story is that it would be better to reveal the truth to someone rather than lying to them and letting them roam this cruel, uncompassionate world oblivious to the truth. Not telling people the truth, yea it can be sometimes for their own good, or maybe just to keep your conscience clear but eventually someone is going to tell them the truth or they are going to have to experience the hard truth and all your effort of preserving their â€Å"innocence† would be in vein there for in order to spare yourself the embarrassment and spare them the hard realization because, let’s be really real no one can stay innocent forever. Everyone has to eventually face the truth in life therefore let not one moment of truth be spared because it could be vital to their growth as a human being, to sum it all up Just tell people the truth and save others trauma and drama.

Finance accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finance accounting - Essay Example Lastly, the reserves of the company is estimated and their modes of utilization so that the write-down of the company can be avoided. Impact of Australian Accounting Standards When the net realizable value for all of the subsequent period. Due to a certain circumstances the inventories of the company needs to be written down below the cost that no longer exists or with the evidence related to the net realizable value caused as a result of the changed economic circumstances (Walton & Aerts, 2006, p.120). This leads to the reversing of the write-down where the amount if restricted to original write-down, so much so, the new carrying amount of the company will be lower than the revised net realizable value along with its associated cost. With the selling of the inventories the carrying cost of the inventories is treated as the expense in the period in which the revenue is recognized. This result in the written down value of the inventory is considered as the cost or occurrence of losses . The concept of reversal write-down value generally occurs from the increase in the net realizable value of the concerned company; which is recognized as a fall in the amount of inventory as an expense in the period of reversal write-down occurrence (Johnston & Johnston, 2005, pp.62-63). Reversal write-down The concepts of the reversal write-down under the Australian Accounting Standards will have a great impact on the current situation of BHP Billiton’s US Shale Gas assets related to the financial statements of the company. The inventory cost of the company will reduce thus reducing the carrying cost of the Shale Gas assets to a remarkable extent. Thus the increase in the net realizable value of the company will be projected at a low rate than now. This in turn will lower the intrinsic value of the company resulting in the valuation of the company being similar to the market value of the company or lower than the market value. Hence the company will be in the condition to r evive of the present condition to a certain extent (Australian Government, 2009, p.17). Current and non-current assets and methods of valuation Yes, the current and non-current assets of the company, BHP Billiton’s have been valued in the financial statements of the company. The income and the deferred tax of the company accounted under the head of other assets of the company has taken the deductible temporary differences resulting in the deferred tax of the company amounting to US$3119 million as against US$2195 million in 2010. These amounts have not been recognized due to the probable future taxable profits as the deductible temporary differences do not expire under the tax legislation. The trade receivable of the company is the considered as the impaired assets of the company. All the financial assets of the company are computed at the fair value price under the consideration of payment and receipt. The fair value method is the not a completely independent process. It is based on the results of weighted average value of the items of the company. In spite of providing a balanced figure of valuation yet its limitation the valuation of the business model still persists. However, the fair value accounting process conveys important information related to

Finance Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Finance Principles - Essay Example An investor will thus, take care of the rate of return to expect and the risk level exposed in the capital market in making a decision on stock and bond allocation. Equity and bond portfolio investment in U.S capital market: Equity investment; An equity investment is supposed to provide long term value growth and the possibility of dividend income. The value of shares can at some time become volatile by being either declining or a rising trend in the overall market period. The stock market index in U.S has being declining in the recent past due to the financial wrangles being witnessed in Europe. The future economic growth of the country is promising to be positive which is a clear picture that in future the prices of the stock will raise. Thus, as a fund manager the current stock prices are in the best lowest prices when I should consider buying for future profit making from sale of the shares in the future. Also, with an economic growth prospects the shares are likely to generate d ividends which will be of benefit to the investor’s economic potential. Bond investment; A bond investment represents a fixed income investment because it attracts a fixed rate of interest and a known maturity time4. The value of a bond investment is determined by the movement of the market interest rates. If the interest rates are high, the price of the bond is low and at the time when the rates of interest are low, the bond price will be high. The interest level of a bond represents the risk level of a bond. The bond market in U.S assessment shows a challenge to fixed income investors because of the way it is associated to the European market which is facing a debt crisis5. This is because the performance of the bond in U.S capital market in the time to approach is likely to be determined by how the events will unfold in Europe6. There has being development of discouraging news from the European market of possible government default in paying back loans, bank crisis and the possibility of euro break up. This has lead to investors demanding a flight to quality on U.S treasury bonds and a poor performance on high yield bonds and emerging debt markets. The flight to quality response by the investors has resulted to the fall of 10- year note to record lows of 2011 with its price rising. This mean of seeking safety has outweighed prospects of earning meaningful long term returns7. Investing in U.S treasury is thus, pegged on a deteriorating of the European market. The expected economic growth in 2012 poses a risk to treasury bonds due to the inflation uptick that may rise which has a negative effect on bond prices. Investing in high yield bonds currently has an unknown future interest earning due to the debt crisis in Europe which can only get better if the crisis are solved to the fullest. Asset allocation; As an investor deciding to invest in the equity and bond market in the American market, the return level and risks associated with two assets due to t he global economic events needs to be allocated with care. From the assessment of the two assets investment opportunities, investing in the stock market is more favorable to an investor than in the bond market for future returns of the investment8. Market performance of any asset has usually being uncertain towards how in future the returns from the assets investment will perform9. This means that an investor has to come up with a portfolio arrangement that will try to caution massive losses from investing in only one asset that seem to have positive future returns. The portfolio investment need to allocate much percentage to an asset that has

The Negative impact of Social Networking Sites in Business Essay

Introduction In recent years, the Internet and especially the social networking sites have enabled a communication revolution: the ability to send and receive timely information everywhere has changed the way we live. As an online social networking site (SNS), it collects personal information and stored in the users’ profiles, and it is extremely popular because it allows people to connect with users with similar interests, build and maintain relationships with friends, and feel more connected with their neighbors or campus. On the contrary, it is obvious that although social networking sites like Facebook and LinkedIn, rank high in people’s daily life, they also give rise to the unexpected disturbing matters in business. Facebook Features Facebook, a popular social networking site founded in 2004 by a Harvard sophomore, has already had more than 800 million active users by July 2011. (Giles, 2011) Like other sites, users must register with e-mail address before using the site. And once a user has logged in, he/she can join a school network, search for friends and view other users’ profile as long as the privacy feature is turned off. Within the account, users can post status, share videos and photos, publish notes, list interests and personal details. Facebook also has the optional privacy features which restrict others access to only partial of their profiles. (Cain, 2007) Facebook and Development Issues An apparent problem with irrational using online SNS is how they ruin your opportunities. Even though we always heard about how Facebook and other SNS help people getting jobs and know about companies before the interviews. But there are some possibilities that those websites can ruin your future career development. And it ... ...ed to Internet increases the time to accomplish a project or even bring a general reduction in quality. Conclusion This paper has provided an overview of how partial social networking sites form the negative impact on businesses. SNS such as Facebook provide individuals the way to maintain connects and broaden the way people used to think and behave, which is beneficial in daily life. These same sites, however, I argue that, also present a danger to people’s expected future development and reputation, safety and working. In order to avoid these disadvantages from using social networking sites, it would be better for people always being smart about what to put on Facebook and other SNS because you wouldn’t be informed being inspected. And try as much as possible to get away from these sites when you are working or studying since attention must paid 100% on them.

Philosophy Epistemology Essay

Epistemology is one of the very important branches of philosophy. It is also known as the knowledge theory. The knowledge theory consists of three questions; â€Å"What is the origin of knowledge? What is the reliability of knowledge? & What is the criteria of knowledge? † Rene Descartes and John Locke really looked into epistemology and both had different theories to approach it. John Locke looked at empiricism and Rene Descartes looked at rationalism. John Locke was an English philosopher and formed his opinion around empiricism. Empiricism is an approach to doing philosophy stressing experience as the in road to all knowledge. The human being is a blank slate to him. Locke was a moderate skeptic, who doubted until valid proof was given to substantiate truth claims of a demonstrative and sensitive nature. The foundations of knowledge functioned in the following manner according to Locke. The human being takes in the external world through sensation (the five senses) and gives form to the experiential data through the processes of reflection. To Locke, intuitive knowledge is the most trustworthy because we automatically recognize the agreement or disagreement of ideas without the intervention of a â€Å"proof†. His criterion of knowledge depended on the force and intensity with which someone perceives either agreement or disagreement between ideas. So for example, we know that 2+3=5. We also know that 2+3 does not equal 7. Locke, unlike Descartes, argues against innate ideas. However, Locke believes that we are all born with the ability to acquire knowledge through the organization of sensate data by the cognitive capacities and capabilities we possess at birth, which are innate to the human. Descartes had a different view of epistemology. He argued for rationalism. Rationalism is an approach to philosophy that employs â€Å"pure reason† to acquire instances of fundamental truth. In Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes comes up with three fundamental truths by way of pure reason. The first fundamental truth is â€Å"I think, therefore I exist. † This fundamental truth establishes for Descartes the â€Å"essence† of the human being in his philosophy, as the â€Å"thing that thinks. † He is reflecting on himself as the â€Å"object of deception† and reasons that despite being deceived, as long as he can think about it, he exists. Having a clear perception of the fundamental truths can guarantee they can be trusted with absolute certainty and cannot ever be false. The three fundamental truths (self, god, & mathematics) are examples of innate knowledge, or truths that all humans are born with given to by God. Descartes says we can discover these truths through the Meditations, by way of doing philosophy, but we do not pursue these in the same manner we pursue other forms of knowledge such as science. The dream argument is aimed at the external world. It says that â€Å"I often have perceptions very much like the ones I have while I’m dreaming. There are no definite signs to distinguish dream experience from wake experience, so it is possible that I am dreaming right now and all my perceptions are false. † In my opinion, I think that John Locke’s position on empiricism is more philosophically sound to me. Just to re-cap, empiricism is an approach to doing philosophy stressing experience as the in road to all knowledge. The human being as a blank slate really makes sense to me. We automatically know that we can agree or disagree without having to have proof to go along with it. I think that sense experience is always the starting point to knowledge. I think in order to learn something in life you have to experience it first. You can’t just go out and expect the knowledge to be in your brain for no reason. For example, how would you know what the color blue looks like if you were born blind? You would need to use your senses to try and understand what the color is. God couldn’t just put it in your mind because it’s something that you just need to see. Also, you can learn from the experiences you go through. If you do something and it ends up being wrong, then you learn from that experience and how you can go about it differently next time. In my opinion, rationalism has some defects that would make it harder to understand philosophically. A rationalist comes to believe that knowledge is a lot like math. So pretty much, it is knowledge that comes before experience. Something that you already know, but have never experienced before. I think that is a bit problematic because how can you know something that you never experienced? Epistemology plays a big role in philosophy as does John Locke and Rene Descartes. They both have great views on epistemology looking at rationalism and empiricism. When thinking about rationalism, we know that knowledge can be acquired through reason alone and that we don’t need experience. But when thinking about empiricism, we know that we learn through our experiences as a person. Justifying truth as a philosopher, I would agree more with Locke’s view on empiricism. I believe that everything happens for a reason, and that you need experience to learn, and to grow as a person.

The Importance of Emilia in Shakespeares Othello Essay

The Importance of Emilia in Shakespeares Othello In Othello the Moor, Shakespeare combines destiny with a fatal character flaw and that flaw is jealousy. Shakespeares tragedy allows one character to hold the key to the entire web he has spun and that character is Emilia. Emilia is the lone character who garners the knowledge to all circumstances of the events surrounding the characters in Othello the Moor. Although other characters in the play are privy to certain details of the unfolding events, Emilia is the character that uses this knowledge to the benefit of the play. Emilias character is minor yet necessary. Without her character the play would have no means of unraveling the confusion created by the author. Emilia, wife†¦show more content†¦Shakespeares point in Othello the Moor is that each individual has a destiny and fate is central in the lives of his characters. Othello, a great warrior, is the lead character and the target for attack from a disgruntled soldier, Iago. Iago plots with the aide of his wife, Emilia, to plant subtle notions of jealously in the case of Othellos expedient marriage to Desdemona. Othello loves Desdemona and the same is true for Othello, but Iago successfully destroys the trust between the couple with a scheme in which Othello is unable to control his jealousy. There are several other characters that Iago uses to set his plan into motion such as Roderigo, Bianca and Cassio. Cassio is not so much a willing participant in the scheme of the play as he is a scapegoat (or object of irrational hostility; Websters Dictionary, 652) to pin the entire plot on. It is known that Emilias character becomes crucial to the plot, as she is the most essential character to her husbands crusade to destroy Othello and Desdemona. Iago is angered at being passed over in the nomination of first lieutenant by Cassio; along with Roderigo both are resolved to overthrow Othello. Emilia eventually is privy to the most intimate details of their plans. I am glad I have found this napkin; This was her first remembrance from the Moor; My wayward husband hath a hundred times Wood me to steal it†¦.Show MoreRelatedIf Othello Had Been Written in Modern Times How Would It Differ1246 Words   |  5 PagesSpecific question: If Othello had been set in a modern era, how would it differ? Title of text: Othello Task is related to course section Pt 4: Literature- Critical Study, The individual, Community and Identity Task focus: The aim of this essay is to analyse how Shakespeare’s play Othello would differ if it had been set in a politically correct and modern society such as ours. If Othello had been set in a modern era, how would it differ? The play Othello is a tragedy written byRead MoreShakespeare otherness in othello1349 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Michael Grey Paper #2 11/14/13 Shakespeare’s otherness in Othello Shakespeare when writing Othello uses many different underlying themes for the reader to try and pick up on. One of the biggest is otherness. Otherness is defined as the quality or condition of being other or different, especially if exotic or strange. Shakespeare throws at the reader some interesting topics to think about race, a handkerchief, feminism, and many more. All these different topics Shakespeare wants the readerRead MoreEssay on The Theme of Self Esteem in Othello1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe Theme of Self Esteem in Othello For the theater-going people of the Elizabethan age, there were many hardships. Many of them experienced poor living conditions and treatment. All of them faced the dangers of a comparatively underdeveloped medical knowledge which often left the young and elderly to die of common diseases. The magic of Shakespeare is not only that historians can learn of otherwise undocumented details of the 1500s, but also that all readers can discover the many similaritiesRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Shakespeare s Othello1613 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s play, Othello, Othello is an excellent example of an Aristotelian tragic hero. He was a character of noble status until his jealousy and gullibility lead him astray. Moreover, the play has a complex plot with a powerful climax and conclusion which lets the audience feel the vulnerability of the characters. Lastly, the characters face a point of realization where they can finally see the people around them are not who they seem ed to be. Overall, Othello is one of Shakespeare’s greatestRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play Othello 1119 Words   |  5 Pagesplay â€Å"Othello†, by William Shakespeare and film adaption by Oliver parker explores the idea of how an individual’s sense of identity affects their actions and how this can be manipulated to create conflict. Shakespeare uses techniques such as soliloquies, dramatic irony, imagery, foreshadowing, and symbolism to show us how tragedy occurs from counteracting to patriarchal rules and stereotypes. Identity is a very key, important thematic issue in William Shakespeare s tragic play, â€Å"Othello†. IdentityRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare939 Words   |  4 PagesIn Shakespeare’s Othello, the titular character, an honorable Venetian general, is driven to madness through the deceptions of his honest right hand Iago. Iago plots to ruin Othello and through his deception, he fuels Othello’s insecurities through implanting the idea of infidelity of his beloved wife Desdemona. Othello goes on to murder his wife, and after he discovers Iago’s plot, he kills himself. In a time when women were looked down upon, Shakespeare crafted a drama in which women took partRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare2013 Words   |  9 Pages Othello by William Shakespeare is a tragedy that follows â€Å"the Moor of Venice.† The opening scene shows us two men talking about the Moor, who we later discover is Othello. Othello, a black man, married a Senators daughter. After much disputing, the Senator brought this to the attention of the Duke and the other Senators. The Duke sees nothing wrong with the situation and actually sends Othello, Desdemona, and his newly appointed lieutenant Cassio to Cyprus in aid against the Turks. Iago then plotsRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare962 Words   |  4 PagesIn Shakespeare’s Othello, the nominal character, an honorable Venetian general, is driven to madness through the deceptions of his honest right hand Iago. Iago plots to ruin Othello and through his deception, he drives Othello’s insecurities by implanting the idea of infidelity of his beloved wife Desdemona. Othello goes on to murder his wife, and after he discovers Iago’s plot, he kills himself. In a time when women were looked down upon, Shakespeare crafted a drama in which women took part in majorRead MoreThe Significance of the Handkerchief in Othello823 Words   |  4 PagesHow can one small piece of fabric manifest so much havoc? In William Shakespeare’s Othello, there is great significance of a powerful symbol that completely alters the fate of the story. â€Å"In the case of the handkerchief, it stands for several things, things that cannot be seen† (Hacht 663). This symbol, the handkerchief, is given to Desdemona by Othello, as a token of his love, and to their new beginnings as husband and wife. However, the meaning of the handkerchief is viewed differently in variousRead MoreWomen In Othello1691 Words   |  7 PagesWomen of Othello: Lepers or Ladies? Throughout history, there have been social hierarchies imposed upon society. Perhaps one of the most influential was the imposition upon women during the Renaissance era. Women during the Renaissance patriarchy were expected to be proper, pure, and above all else, mindful of the men in their life. In her essay, â€Å"Women in Othello†, Farah Karim-Cooper argues that William Shakespeare’s play, Othello, creates complicated dynamics and roles for the women within it,

Internal Controls - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 979 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/17 Category Industry Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Internal Controls XACC 280 Crystal Riley Sanford September 10, 2010 Instructor Glenn Dakin Internal Controls Internal controls are the measures a company takes to do accomplish two primary goals; protect their assets from employee theft, robbery and unauthorized use. Internal controls are also used to increase accuracy of company financial information, reducing the risk of errors (accidental) and irregularities (intentional) (Weygandt, 2009). Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was put into effect because of the corporate scams that were being committed in that time period. Congress passed the act to force companies to keep closer tabs on their internal controls. Under SOX, companies are required to â€Å"develop sound principles of control over financial reporting† (Weygandt, 2009). According to Wegandt (2009), corporate executives have complained in about the time and expense that is involved in monitoring internal controls, but it has been proven that investors are less likely to invest in a company that does not comply with SOX. So SOX has affected internal controls in a positive way because a company is more likely to attract investors on top of that company having more accurate records. Even if it were not for the investors, companies will see less fraud and a higher amount of accuracy in their records by complying with SOX. As part of SOX, companies are also required to report any deficiencies in their internal controls. Because investors are more confident and comfortable with a company that complies with SOX, it is true in turn those investors lose confidence in a company that has deficiencies in its internal control. With this lose in confidence is the risk of a drop in stock prices. Internal controls can only provide a company with a certain amount of assurance that their assets are being protected. For example, in the accounting office at Wal-Mart, the cash is required to be balanced three times a day; before we start work for the day, after the pick-up (counting registers and making the deposit) and before we leave. This is an internal control that helps us locate where an error occurred limits the window of opportunity to steal money. Cameras, of course, are also put in place to review in case an incident arises. Limitations of Internal Controls One example of the limitation of control is the safeguarding of assets such as store merchandise and office supplies. In most if not all company policies, it is stated that if you take something from the supply closet for use other than work, it is considered stealing. However, a majority of employees have the attitude that a pen will not make a difference, or a notebook, or a stapler, but it is still considered stealing, as is taking a $0. 0 candy bar from a register. It is unreasonable to keep tabs on supplies that employees use, especially for businesses that have a lot of office use and a lot of employees. Employees who are c aught can be dealt with; otherwise it Is left to the integrity of the employees. â€Å"Control is most effective when only one person is responsible for a given task† (Weygandt, 2009). One example of such a control is one person per cash box. If it is not possible, an audit of the drawer should be performed when the next person signs on. Recently the cash office had a register that was short. Upon research, six different people at been on and off that register all day. At that point it is impossible to determine the responsible party. As a result, all employees who operated that register received a write up for the missing money. Why were proper controls not exercised? Because of the human element. In order for proper controls to take place, only one person can use a register at a time or else an audit is required. Only management can perform audits. This can be time consuming and conflicts with the time constraints and the other responsibilities that an employee needs to or feels they need to complete. Nothing usually happens anyway, right? There are certain areas that internal controls are easier to keep track of and other areas where they are fuzzy. For example, entering data and having limited tasks in an area increase the effectiveness of internal controls. In other areas, such as cash handling combined with customer service and other various tasks, those internal controls may not seem as important concerning the register as it does stock. Comparison of Internal Controls Establishment of responsibility and segregation of duties are similar in that one person is assigned and responsible for a certain asset. In establishing responsibility, it is easy to determine who made a mistake and how it was made because one person was responsible. In segregation of duties, one person is assigned to a certain task alternately. For example, having one person count the cash in the office and having the other key it into the system, to ensure numbers are n ot being changed to make everything appear balanced. Physical, mechanical and electronic controls are used to safeguard assets and enhance the security of them (Weygandt, 2009). Examples would be keys only assigned to cash office personnel, the code on the vault, time clocks and video surveillance. Independent internal verification is way of double checking the information reported by employees. For example, managers are not directly associated with the accounting office and they check the daily work completed by accounting office employees on a weekly or semi-weekly basis to ensure that all reports and numbers match. Internal controls of every kind are very important in maintaining accurate records and in discouraging unethical behavior performed by those who have been made responsible for certain controls. If internal controls are being carried out properly, a company will only stand to gain from the ‘hassle’ of complying with SOX. Resource Weygandt, J. J. , Kim mel, P. D. , Kieso, D. E. (2008). Financial accounting (6th ed. ). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Internal Controls" essay for you Create order

Biography Of Sigismund Schlomo Freud s The...

Sigismund Schlomo Freud was an Austrian born neurologist, more widely known as Sigmund Freud and often regarded as the father of psychoanalysis. Possibly his most notable work , psychoanalysis , or ‘’the talking cure’’ as it is now known, was developed to help the mentally ill through dream analysis .One of his earliest influences was the French doctor , Jean Charcot, who employed hypnosis in treating his patients’ hysteria. Unlike Charcot, who was trying to cure those who suffered from hysteria, Freud was engrossed with the causes of the disease. Freud’s friend and colleague, Josef Breuer, helped him in advancing methods by collaborating with him on the book ‘’Studies on Hysteria’’. He then went through a period of self-analysis and further expanded his studies about the meaning of dreams which then led to the publication of his book ‘’The interpretation of dreams ‘’. One of Freud’s most significant followers was the young Carl Jung. The two collaborated very successfully at first , with Freud regarding Jung as his protà ©gà © but later on separating due to Jung’s disagreement with Freud’s theories. Despite being considered false and extremely controversial, his theories continue causing disputes within the science community to this day. One of the most universally criticized and disputed of Freud’s theories is that of the psychosexual stages. According to him, a person’s personality develops in five fixed stages, at each of which the person’s energy force, or libido as heShow MoreRelatedSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1568 Words   |  7 Pages Freud Sigmund Yifan Wang Current issues in history Vanier College 2014-11-11 Freud Sigmund In the 19th century, people progressed toward a new era of scientific revolution with new inventions and technologies. Doctors find treatment to heal cancer and people lives longer than before. On the other hand, Freud Sigmund the Jewish psychiatrist offered a new cure to mental illness that individual suffers from (The European Graduate School, 2012). Although he may have the most of influence

P Japan Skii Case Free Essays

PG Japan: SK-II Globalization Case SK-II is a high-end skin care product, which has proven to be a success in the highly selective and competitive Japanese cosmetics market. It fits in the Japanese environment nicely. For starters, the wealthy Japanese society gives PG a large market to target. We will write a custom essay sample on P Japan Skii Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now Also, the uniquely sophisticated habits of Japanese women means they are more likely to accept the more complicated procedure required by SK-II. SK II involves six to eight steps, which is more than the number of steps of any other skin care products used in the rest of the world (1, p. ). Overall strategy of the of the organization Given this product’s success in Japan for 1999 ($150 million in sales), PG is considering expanding its SK-II into a global brand. When doing this, management has to consider how the Japanese market compares to the other markets being proposed (China and Europe) as part of their international expansion. They should also do a thorough analysis of each of the markets being considered for this product, and an analysis of their competitors’ firm wide international strategy. Because the Japanese market is very different from these other markets, the same level of success cannot be guaranteed. This includes the distribution channel and the supporting industries, e. g. , TV advertising is relatively cheaper in Japan than in Europe. Models and Theories PG’s International Business-Level Strategy. Porter’s model suggests that international business-level strategies are usually grounded in one or more of these home-country factors (1, p. 274). Based on Porters model, the firm’s strategy, structure, rivalry and demand conditions seem to be significant for PG’s international business-level strategy. Firm strategy, structure, and rivalry:  SK-II is the result of the combined ingenuity of PG’s most talented technologists from its worldwide labs, as well as the specific expertise from a Japanese group. This combination worked well because it reflected the best of PG’s consolidated R;D while catering specifically to the needs of the Japanese market (2, p. 8). Being a global company headquartered in the U. S. makes it easier for P;G to bring its global talent to its home-country so that it can improve its R;D capabilities and thus have a competitive advantage. Having a pre-existing global structure may also make it easier to adapt this product to the needs of those other countries where P;G does business. When considering expanding the SK-II market, this competitive advantage should be considered. Demand conditions. The initial product opportunity for SK-II came about from U. S / global demand for an improved facial cleansing product (2, p. 8). That spawned the creation of SK-II as well as other products developed to meet these needs. Because SK-II was developed in response to the demand conditions in Japan, it became a highly regarded cosmetics product and survived the ferocious competition in the Japanese market; thus proving to be a competitive advantage. Furthermore, having a certain amount of understanding of the emerging Asian economic powers, P;G realized that fashionable people in countries like Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, etc. closely follow the fashion trends in Japan. Therefore, by entering the Japanese market and securing a substantial level of market share, P;G could have also created further competitive advantage for entering those emerging Asian markets. This strategy may even prove true in the case of entering the Chinese market. However, one may argue that China is a poorer country, but the populations in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore are basically ethnically Chinese. Therefore, their habits should be much closer than that between Japanese and Chinese. Hence, with the successful entry into the Hong Kong market, Taiwan markets can be used as a direct test of the level to which Chinese women will accept the demanding procedures of SK II (2, p. 6). P;G’s International Corporate-Level Strategy International Corporate-level strategy can be classified into three different types: multidomestic, global, or transnational (1, p. 277). November, 1999 was an interesting point of time for P;G because the firm’s corporate level strategy appears to be shifting from a multidomestic strategy to a transnational, or perhaps global, strategy. This is being done through the O2005 initiative, and explains some of the struggles P;G may face trying to expand the SK-II product globally. As discussed in the case analysis, P;G was â€Å"in the midst of a bold but disruptive Organization 2005 restructuring program. As GBU’s took over profit responsibility historically held by PG’s country-based organizations, management was still trying to negotiate their new working relationships. † (2, p. 1) This quote explains P;G’s international corporate level strategy, both where it was, and where it’s trying to go. A tell tale sign of a multidomestic corporate level strategy was for P;G to have profit responsibility held by their country-based organizations. A multidomestic strategy has strategic and operating decisions decentralized to each country to allow products to be tailored to each local market (1, p. 277). The opposite is true for a global corporate strategy. Under an international global corporate strategy, products are standardized across all markets and economies of scale are emphasized (1, p. 280). This was the direction P;G was headed in when GBU’s took over profit responsibility. In fact, this structure is very similar to a ‘worldwide product divisional structure’ which supports the use of a global strategy (1, p. 280). However, during the SK-II development through the expansion proposal, P;G’s international corporate strategy appears to be a transnational strategy, which combines aspects of the two aforementioned strategies. This is done in order to emphasize both local responsiveness and global integration and coordination. This is true with the SK II project. When the SK-II product was first created it was done so on a global level to meet a global demand. The product was then localized for the Japanese market. For instance, separate marketing teams were used in the U. S. and in Japan to develop this product for each market (2, p. 8). By first creating one product to meet global demand rather than regional demand, P;G was able to achieve economies of scale and efficiencies by having one R;D team working on a product that would meet many regions needs. However, P;G then allowed each region some flexibility in how they marketed, priced, and distributed this product. This was a big reason for SK-II’s success in Japan. It is apparent that P;G has adopted a transnational strategy. In line with the characteristics of that strategy, P;G is considering expanding a product proven to be successful in a demanding (Japanese) market in to other markets. By doing so, P;G will need to rely on aspects of a global strategy that uses a standardized product for the global market such that the competitive advantages in the home-country (Japan) can be leveraged out globally, thus achieving economies of scale. P;G will also need to rely on aspects of a multidomestic strategy that pays great attention to various unique features of different markets. For the Greater China market and the European market, P;G will need to make an effort to fit into the local environment in order to achieve success in a different culture from Japan. In order for this transnational strategy to work for the SK-II expansion, the P;G corporate structure must have good communication and flexibility. Without that, a transnational strategy will not be as effective, and the SK-II expansion may not succeed. Industry environmental analysis: Porter’s ‘The Five Forces of Competition’ Model Paolo de Cesare knew there were significant risks in his proposal to expand SK-II into China and Europe. This skin care line from P;G has been a huge success in Japan, a country where customers, distribution channels and competitors were different from those in most other countries. The Model of ‘The Five Forces of Competition’ helps describe the current situation of SK-II in Japan as well as analyze the Industry Environment in P;G’s target market for its skin care line. This information can be used by P;G when deciding whether or not to launch SK-II in China and the United Kingdom. Japan:  In this special market, where the world’s leading per capita consumers and highly sophisticated users of beauty products are, the threat of a new entrance seems to be very low. There exist entry barriers that make it difficult for new firms to enter this particular market. Among these barriers is the difficult access to the complex Japanese distribution system and the product differentiation of the very competitive companies that already share the market (3, p. 1). Companies as Shiseido, Lion, Kao, and Kanebo compete for market share, suggesting that with few big players in a slow growing market there is strong rivalry (4, p. 1). Furthermore, the low switching costs of the skin care products makes easy for competitors to attract buyers from the rivals, thus enhancing the competition. The threat of substitute products for SK-II in Japan is high because of the high innovative capacity of P;G’s competitors, Kao and Lion (5, p. 1). These Japanese companies spend huge amounts in research and development to be on top of the technological challenge. The bargaining power of the buyers is not the main factor to set the price, but competence for market share among competitors is. This lets customers have many options to choose from. Additionally, the bargaining power of suppliers doesn’t seem significant for this industry as well. China:  Just the opposite of the Japanese market, the Chinese market has a high threat of new entrances. The Chinese prestige-beauty segment is growing fast, at 30% to 40% a year and is very attractive for new firms to enter. Almost all-major competitors are already there: Lancome, Shiseido, and Kao are examples of companies selling products in China (6, p. ). The intensity of rivalry among the competitors is still low, because this growing market reduces the pressure for firms to take customers from competitors. However, the threat of substitute products is high, because the big players in the Chinese market are mostly global firms, with high innovative capacity. The bargaining power of supplier s and buyers is low. Europe:  Well-respected companies including Estee Lauder, Lancome, Clinique, Chanel and Dior crowd the field of high profile skin care products, resulting in high competence among existing competitors and a low threat of new entrances. The brands’ prestige and the loyalty of their sophisticated and beauty-conscious customers are high entry barriers. As in Japan and China, the threat of substitutes is high because of the brand’s globalization, and the fact that those companies can easily legally imitate their competitor’s new products. The bargaining power of the buyers is high because of the multiple options they have to choose from. As in the previously described markets, the bargaining power of suppliers is not significant. Five forces vs. market table | Japan| China| United Kingdom| Threat of new entrants| Low| High| Low| Bargaining Power of suppliers| Low| Low| Low| Bargaining Power of buyers| High| Low| High| Threat of substitute products| High| High| High| Intensity of rivalry among competitors| High| Low| High| The I/O and Resource Based Models of Above-Average Returns Regardless of what geographic market Proctor ; Gamble plan to enter with SK-II, they need to carefully observe and learn from those companies already in that market. They have to find out what it is that successful firms are doing to gain and maintain market share. The I/O model of above-average returns dictates that firms in the same industry generally possess the same resources and pursue similar strategies in order to achieve high returns (1, p. 14). On the other hand, P;G has to utilize its own resources and capabilities which are not similar to competitors in the high-end cosmetics industry. This theory is based on the resource model of above-average returns. The resource model maintains that firms in an industry generally do not have similar resources and capabilities, and that a firm’s unique resources provide a competitive advantage (1, p. 6). The best strategy for P;G to pursue in taking SK-II to the global marketplace is to congruously use these two models. In Japan, where P;G had a large market share in this industry, they utilized their extensive technological resources and extensive research and development. While these resources were spread over the cosmetics industry (each firm has extensive research and development and te chnological resources), P;G had the advantage of being a large corporation with deeper pockets than many competitors. With the decision of taking SK-II into the global marketplace looming, these two models serve as effective tools in determining which geographical markets SK-II can flourish. In some cases, as with the U. K. market, the application of these two models can reveal that it might be a better decision to enter a particular market. In the U. K. , many firms are fiercely competing for share in a saturated market. The firms’ resources and capabilities are spread thinly across the market. This makes it difficult to establish and maintain a competitive advantage. Contrary to the U. K. arketplace, the Chinese cosmetics market is still growing. P;G has the opportunity to leverage its own competitive advantages to enter this market with full force. While SK-II has little visibility outside of Japan (2, p. 6), P;G could use their Japanese market experience to develop an effective strategy for entering other markets such as China, Europe, and eventually the United States. They had establishe d market share in Japan, but the other geographical markets consist of different environments and different competitors who possess different resources and capabilities. As of 2004, P;G’s most recent challenge is entering the very competitive U. S. cosmetics market with SK-II. It is planned for release in America for February 2004, sold exclusively at Saks Fifth Avenue. Comparison to other organizations L’oreal Comparison. L’oreal has been one of PG’s major global competitors in the cosmetics industry. L’oreal’s transnational strategy has led them to be  the number one in  (#1 what? ) the world. In 1994 PG was number two but they have since dropped to number four. Part of the reason for this has been L’oreal’s ability to capitalize in the international markets. L’oreal has steadily become the leader in cosmetics by their ability to adapt their products to the global market and achieve a high level of efficiency. L’oreal’s transnational strategy has allowed it to build a strong global structure while still leaving room for different adjustments that might be needed at a local level. For example, L’oreal’s ‘Free Hold’ line (a mousse) was originally priced on the high end of the market, targeted for a higher class of consumer. Once it was realized that the market for their mousse products could be aimed at a younger or less affluent target, L’oreal released a studio line that was less expensive than the Free Hold line (7, p. 1). This example shows that L’oreal is willing to use different price levels in different regions or demographics. L’oreal has also adjusted its management structure by specific job function. For example, both U. S. and Europe have a VP of operations. This type of management allows for the businesses to implement necessary changes at the local level that might not be needed throughout the entire corporation. These factors allow for the continued success that L’oreal has when using a transnational business strategy on an international level. Proctor and Gamble is trying to go in a different direction than L’oreal when trying to expand their international business. PG mostly uses a global strategy where seven global business units that would take control and implement changes into the local businesses (2, p. 5). This approach uses the SBU’s to makes changes at the local level while still maintaining the best interest of the corporation. With SK-II, PG seems to be completing their transition from a transnational strategy to this global strategy. In a global strategy a company offers standardized products with strategies dictated from the main headquarters. This type of strategy produces less risk for PG, but it also lowers the chance for potential growth by letting local markets dictate their own strategy. With a global strategy, a business does not take into consideration the local demand by adapting their products to the needs of the people in that area. The global strategy essentially says that whatever the main company decides is best for the company no matter where it is located. (this is already mentioned above, and may be repetitive†¦also, no reference is made to the text where this was taken from) PG has a different corporate structure than that of L’oreal based on their different business strategies. PG has fewer managers that are in charge of the phases of business. For instance, PG does not have multiple people holding the same positions in different countries where they do business. This structure does not allow for as much adaptation to the regional needs of the consumers. Estee Lauder. The Estee Lauder Company prides itself on being one of the world’s leading manufacturers and marketers of quality skin care, makeup, fragrance and hair care products (9, p. 1). Under the Estee Lauder name there are many brands and line divisions including the self-titled Estee Lauder division. Similar to SK-II, Estee Lauder has a large international presence  (SKII is still only in Japan.. at least at the time of the case†¦should this be changed to say P;G? and sells principally through limited distribution channels to compliment the images associated with its brands (10, p. 1). By using a combination of global and multidomestic strategy, Estee Lauder’s strategy is much like the previously mentioned â€Å"transnational strategy† (1, p. 282). There are several top level executives that have a large responsibility to global operations. For example, Patr ick Bousquet-Chavanne is a Group President and is responsible for marketing, sales and financial direction of all brands within The Estee Lauder Companies in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and the Asia/Pacific region. However, he has also established consolidated regional Product Development Centers in Paris and Tokyo (10, p. 1). The Estee Lauder Companies believe in a strong central philosophy typically found in organizations that use a global strategy but also show the willingness for ideas to come from all areas of the business. Their multiple research and development sites in New York, Belgium, Japan, Ontario, and Minnesota prove this  (this just proves that headquarters has opened multiple centers for R;D†¦it doesn’t really prove that ‘decisions’ are made in regional areas of their business). In order to keep their product responsiveness quick, Estee Lauder’s company website speaks of manufacturing sites in the U. S. , Belgium, Switzerland, the UK, and Canada. Estee Lauder has found a successful mix of upper-end cosmetic products with  Estee Lauder  and  Clinique. While both products are priced with high-end cosmetics, they are differentiated enough to each bring in significant market share. From these results, The Estee Lauder Companies do well at mixing both a multidomestic and global strategy into a successful transnational strategy. Current State of P;G Currently the CEO of P;G is A. G. Lafley, a 1969 graduate of Hamilton College (not Harvard), who was previously in charge of the Beauty Care GBU. Under Lafley’s leadership, P;G has drastically changed its corporate structure and focus. Within the last year or two, P;G has outsourced all of its back-office operations, including $3 billion worth of IT business outsourced to IBM (13, p. 1). This recent outsourcing trend also includes many of the Global Business Services (GBS) that were a major part of the corporate structure in 1999. Now GBS’s like Finance and HR have been outsourced so that P;G can focus on concentrating on its core products and competencies (14, p. 1). According to its most recent annual report, P;G’s core competencies are ‘branding, innovation, and scale’, and this focus can be seen in the business decisions made by Lafley (11, p. 6). P;G’s corporate structure has gone through a restructuring that consists of more than just the reduction of unnecessary GBS’s. The international corporate strategy of P;G has clearly become transnational. There are currently 5 GBU’s which work to provide speed to market, as well as centralized product control for P;G. The GBU’s work closely with seven Market Development Organizations (MDO’s) who work with the local customers and country business teams to develop the right product mix for over 160 countries that P;G does business. (11, pp. 5 – 7) The coordination between these two groups shows P;G’s focus on using a transnational strategy to become a profitable global business in the 21st  century. Recommendations China:  We recommend P;G enter the Chinese market. As was previously discussed, the tremendous growth potential of this market is well worth the high import tariffs and government delays in the import process. If anything, these delays only further stress the importance of starting the process of entering China now, rather than later. There is also a risk of profit loss due to counterfeiting in China. However, because competition has already begun to enter the market, it is extremely important for P;G to also enter to take advantage of the increased growth rate while it exists. Europe:  We recommend P;G do NOT enter the European market. This market appears to already saturated, and growth in the region does not appear to be very strong. We are also concerned with the modest forecasted gains in relation to the expected losses incurred entering this market. P;G does not have expertise dealing with the perfumeries in Germany and France, and so we recommend that they look to acquire/partner with another company who has proven success in this region, should they decide to expand into these markets. Perhaps the recent acquisition of Wella could provide this kind of expertise. With the mixed results from the testing done in the UK, we recommend P;G do some more subjective research in this area before deciding to expand the SK-II line here. Japan:  We recommend P;G expand the SK-II product line in Japan. This is the home country for the SK-II line, and has already established a market for the product. While the slowing market growth and increased competition will result in companies having to fight for market share, SK-II’s proven success here should help this product line as it expands. A more plentiful SK-II product line may also help solidify its brand name as it expands to other countries. How to cite P Japan Skii Case, Essay examples